International business envioronment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Universal business envioronment - Essay Example Anyway what is required at the present is an understanding that things should be appropriately adjusted so the issues which focus the monetary grounds stop to exist and along these lines give one and all a murmur of alleviation †one that is liberated from any type of anguish, financial divergence and trouble, as one may put it. The odds of Germany returning on the rails of achievement most definitely are complex and one needs to comprehend with regards to what precisely are the endeavors with respect to the German specialists when the discussion goes for all to hear of the German economy and the related estimates that are being taken under similar protection. The reasons with respect to why Germany is really encountering monetary emergency lies in fathoming that the Germans are surely the primary explanations for exactly the same. Just if the thinking mentality about the Germans as worries to their economy and the future development of the nation in the drawn out point of view c an change, there clearly could be promising end to present circumstances and in this way positives could be drawn from the present mess in which Germany is in all actuality made up for lost time. Joblessness has likewise been a bane for Germany in the ongoing past which has contributed in a negative way towards the monetary premise of the nation. Add to that, the absence of various assets and all the more so the deficit of talented workers and pros implied that Germany was in for an intense time on account of the monetary gatherings. It needed to deal with its monetary premise in the light of the changing financial atmosphere and for that Germany needed to look for measures outside of its picked limits. As it were, Germany needed to glance somewhere else so as to discover the specific issue with its endeavors that it had completed over some stretch of time. The assistance looked for from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a portion of the choices that are recorded under the German

Why is it unhealthy for children to grow up spending their time on Essay

For what reason is it undesirable for kids to grow up investing their energy in hardware - Essay Example Social cooperation is a significant piece of a child’s advancement, and investing an excess of energy with hardware can make this be missed. The issue is that kids regularly play computer games or stare at the TV without anyone else, which at last causes such issues as social confinement. Moreover, an excess of time spent on hardware can cause heftiness, sleep deprivation, and terrible evaluations at school. In the event that children are going through a really long time on sight and sound, at that point they are passing up other significant exercises. School is significant for anybody, not to mention little youngsters, so it is significant that their needs are sorted out. This is the place a parent or guardian needs to assume liability for their youngster and set severe rules for hardware use. As referenced above, extreme TV or video gaming use can bring about expanded weight or an absence of rest. As youngsters are investing all their energy messing around and not working ou t, it’s just characteristic that they will gain more weight basically by sitting on a lounge chair throughout the day. Likewise, rest can decrease as an excessive number recently evenings spent sitting in front of the TV can add to sporadic dozing

5 Axes of the DSM-IV Multi-Axial System

5 Axes of the DSM-IV Multi-Axial System February 04, 2020 More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming Mental disorders are diagnosed according to a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association called the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. A diagnosis under the fourth edition of this manual, which was often referred to as simply the DSM-IV, had five parts, called axes. Each axis of this multi-axial system gave a different type of information about the diagnosis. ?Verywell / Nusha Ashjaee Changes With DSM-5 When the fifth edition, the DSM-5, was compiled, it was determined that there was no scientific basis for dividing the disorders in this manner, so the multi-axial system was done away with. Instead, the new non-axial diagnosis combines the former Axes I, II and III and include separate notations for the type of information which would have previously fallen into Axes IV and V. DSM-IV Types of Axes By Disorder Axis I provided information about clinical disorders. Any mental health conditions, other than personality disorders or mental retardation, would have been included here.?? Disorders which would have fallen under this axis include: Disorders Usually Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood or AdolescenceDelirium, Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive DisordersMental Disorders Due to a General Medical ConditionSubstance-Related DisordersSchizophrenia and Other Psychotic DisordersMood DisordersAnxiety DisordersSomatoform DisordersFactitious DisordersDissociative DisordersSexual and Gender Identity DisordersEating DisordersSleep DisordersImpulse-Control Disorders Not Else ClassifiedAdjustment DisordersOther Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention Axis II provided information about personality disorders and mental retardation.??  Disorders which would have fallen under this axis include: Paranoid Personality DisorderSchizoid Personality DisorderSchizotypal Personality DisorderAntisocial Personality DisorderBorderline Personality DisorderHistrionic Personality DisorderNarcissistic Personality DisorderAvoidant Personality DisorderDependent Personality DisorderObsessive-Compulsive Personality DisorderPersonality Disorder Not Otherwise SpecifiedMental Retardation Axis III provided information about any medical conditions that were present which might impact the patients mental disorder or its management.?? Axis IV was used to describe psychosocial and environmental factors affecting the person.??  Factors which might have been included here were: Problems with a primary support groupProblems related to the social environmentEducational problemsOccupational problemsHousing problemsEconomic problemsProblems with access to health care servicesProblems related to interaction with the legal system/crimeOther psychosocial and environmental problems Axis V was a rating scale called the Global Assessment of Functioning; the GAF went from 0 to 100 and provided a way to summarize in a single number just how well the person was functioning overall.??  A general outline of this scale would be as follows: 100: No symptoms 90: Minimal symptoms with good functioning 80: Transient symptoms that are expected reactions to psychosocial stressors 70: Mild symptoms or some difficulty in social occupational or school functioning 60: Moderate symptoms or moderate difficulty in social, occupation or school functioning 50: Serious symptoms or any serious impairment in social occupational or school functioning 40: Some impairment in reality testing or communication or major impairment in several areas such as work or school, family relations, judgment, thinking or mood 30: Behavior is considerably influenced by delusions or hallucinations or serious impairment in communication or judgment or inability to function in almost all areas 20: Some danger of hurting self or others or occasionally fails to maintain minimal personal hygiene or gross impairment in communication 10: Persistent danger of severely hurting self or others or persistent inability to maintain minimal personal hygiene or serious suicidal act with clear expectation of death

Unemployment in Peru An economic concern - 1207 Words

Unemployment in Peru: an Economic Concern AIU Online Abstract The Peruvian unemployment rate has started to decline in the past few years. The lowered unemployment rate connects to Peru’s economy and means it is on the mend. There are several relationships between the lowered unemployment rate and the economy that will be described. The data on this occurrence has a trend that shows it will continue to decrease. This will mean the economy will continue to improve. The future looks relatively bright for Peruvian people because with more people employed, the economy can make more money. Unemployment in Peru: an Economic Concern Economic concerns are important to monitor especially†¦show more content†¦The data trend for this economic concern and how it affects the economy suggests that economy will continue to improve. As seen below in Chart 1, the trend shows that the unemployment rate has been decreasing for a decade and should continue to decrease unless something unforeseen happens. It shows although with several spikes that the data if following the averages is decreasing slowly (â€Å"Peru Unemployment Rate,† n.d.). This means that the economy will also continue to improve for Peru. This is portrayed in correlation to the increased GDP in chart 2. This trend also shows that in the last decade, the GDP has been rising steadily, which means overall that the economy is increasing (â€Å"Peru GDP,† n.d.). The data for GDP and unemployment is connected because as the unemployment rate went down the GDP went up, which only makes sense because with more people working more can be produced. These are both also correlated to monitoring the status of an economy. Both graphs show that between 2003 and 2013, the economy in Peru was improving, and it appears that it will continue to do so. Chart 3 shows the Year-on-year inflation by percentage (â€Å"Economic Outlook,† 2013). This shows that the inflation rates have started to come into the target range for inflation in the past year as well. Inflation is the steadyShow MoreRelatedI.P. Wk1 Econ Essays840 Words   |  4 PagesAs an employee of the World Bank, you have been asked to research 1 economic concern in a South American country and write a report on your findings. Select a South American country to research. Select one of the following economic concerns to research: Quantities of specific goods and services Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Unemployment Inflation Research data sets for the 1 economic concern within the South American country that you have chosen. In a 3à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"4 page report, answer theRead MoreLinda Seligmann s Peruvian Street Lives : Culture, Power And Economy Among Market Women Of Cuzco1628 Words   |  7 PagesSeligmann’s novel is a cultural study of the lives and struggles faced by women vendors within the open air market of the Andean highlands of Cuzco. Seligmann has dedicated twenty years to studying markets throughout Peru. Peruvian Street Lives argues that the sometimes invisible and informal economic, social, and political networks market women establish, although they may appear disorderly and chaotic, in fact often keep dysfunctional economies and corrupt bureaucracies from utterly destroying the abilityRead MoreThe Hardships Hitting Least Developed Countries1627 Words   |  6 Pagesare not economically stable, their development process is very slow and are known to be very poverty stricken. These LDCs standard of living is very poor thus they are exposed to many economic and social problems. A clear description of least developed countries would be low economic growth, huge problem in unemployment, institution capacity is very vulnerable, poverty stricken, and have poor infustructure, inadequate education, climate implications, lower income as well as per capita income. LCDs haveRead MoreThe European Union And The Trade Agreements Essay843 Words   |  4 Pagesone of the most famous Economic blocs in our recent times. It is the culmination of efforts after the devastating Second World War. It currently includes 28 states with varied cultural and historical backgrounds and even different languages. It now has more than 30 separate international trade agreements with many countries such as Colombia and South Korea (Encyclopedia of Management). The EU and the trade agreements entered into by member countries are examples of economic integration and cooperationRead MoreIntroduction. The Idea Of Fairtrade Emerged In The Late812 Words   |  4 Pagesdepreciation of the economic value of agricultural products. In this case, the marginal revenue of the crops will keep decreasing in the long run, but Fairtrade keep offering supports to incentive growers remain in and enlarge the agricultural production. If the selling price can no longer cover the cost, the industry will then start to lose money and even collapse. This will then lead to the unemployment problem. Consequently, producers and workers cannot beneficial from Fairtrade. â€Æ' Economic StabilityRead MoreLeast Depeloping Countries943 Words   |  4 Pagescountries are the countries which are poor in agricultural that are seeking to become more advanced economically and socially. Most of the countries are developing, less developed or Third World countries. However, the big difference in wealth and economic development amongst Third countries, the concluding are typically characterised by a low average per capita income, high external debt (to foreign banks and states in respect of loans acquired), a strong dependance on agriculture and other primaryRead MoreThe Trans Pacific Partnership ( Tpp ) Is A Multilateral Free Trade Agreement Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a multilateral free trade agreement that aims to facilitate economic integration among its twelve member states. Scholars Capling and Ravenhill describe the agreement as â€Å"transregional† since it unites various states from five distinct regions: O ceania, North America, East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Latin America. After eight years of negotiations, the TPP was signed on February 4, 2016 but has yet to be ratified and implemented by its signatories. BesidesRead MoreEconomic Growth of the Coca-Cola Company1040 Words   |  4 PagesThe economic growth rate of the country was an 8.9% decline. Despite the drop, Coca-Cola fared better than the overall economy. From 2009 to 2010, sales rebounded with a growth rate of 13.32%. This was much higher than the economic growth rate in the U.S. of 3.8%. The year from 2010 to 2011 was exceptional with a 32.53% growth rate. The United States economic growth rate was 2.3% by comparison. The growth can be largely attributed to the launch of new products in overseas markets. In Peru, Coca-ColaRead MoreFree Trade Is A Policy1660 Words   |  7 Pagesis a policy followed by some international markets in which countries governments do not restrict imports from, or exports to, other countries. Free trade is exemplified by the European Economic Area and the North American Free Trade Agreement, which have established open markets. Free trade is an economic policy under which the government does not interfere with trade. No tariffs are applied to imports or exports, and people are allowed to trade goods and services as they please. Supply andRead MoreThe Impact Of Latin American Culture On Latin America1656 Words   |  7 Pagespopulations of Colombia following the 1989 assassination of presidential candidate Luis Carlos Galan. Campaigns to fight illicit drug trade have arouse in Latin American countries such as Colombia and Mexico. The urge for drug control arose from concern among industrialized nations such as the United States. Public awareness became greater with drug control policies as a result of the U.S foreign policy, designed to slow the production of marijuana and other drugs from Latin America into the United

Personal Experience My Father Went to Jail in My Dream

My father and I used to play a game together. Every morning, when I was 3, as the sun would rise, he would come into my room and knock on the side table of my bed. I would always pretend to be asleep until he knocked, and then I would jump into my father’s arms. We called our little game â€Å"Knock, knock† and played it every single day. However, one day, the knocks stopped coming. My father was no-where. I was fatherless. I constantly asked my mother where my father had gone. I wanted to resume our daily game of â€Å"Knock, knock†. She would not say a word to any of my questions. Yet, one day, a small tear rolling from her eyes answered them all. Eventually, she got a telephone call explaining where my father was. The news was bittersweet. My mother wouldn’t tell me anything, except that we were going on a short drive. We hopped into the car, neither of us knowing how the day would turn out. The drive seemed to last years, aging each one of us to a new level of maturity in preparation for the meeting with my father. We finally stopped at the Georgia County Jail. I looked at my mother in shock, unable to believe that this was where my father was. A small nod and the look of her eyes told me she felt the same confusion I did. She pulled me inside, where I saw lots of brown faces. I scanned each of them quickly, desperately looking for my father. I saw him and beamed with joy! My father wa s merely 10 feet away from me. I ran up to him, trying to play our old game of â€Å"Knock, knock†,Show MoreRelatedNight, by Eliezer Wiesel Essay1060 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout a person’s life, he or she expects to have a significant person who will always be there to help out with any given task. The first thought in one’s mind reveals an apparent image of a mother or father, caring for their child. 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What are the major kinds of unconscious pleasures that might be found in common leisure pursuits Free Essays

The work of Sigmund Freud shows us that Freud believed that humans are all driven by unconscious needs and leisure pursuits are a result of these unconscious desires but adapted by our minds so that they are displayed in an acceptable way. This essay aims to identify these unconscious desires and examine how they are translated into common acceptable leisure pursuits. One of Freud’s major theories was his definition of the conscious. We will write a custom essay sample on What are the major kinds of unconscious pleasures that might be found in common leisure pursuits? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Freud divided the mind into three different levels, the conscious, the pre-conscious and the unconscious. â€Å"The conscious level of mental activity is the level on which all thought processes occur. What one thinks conceptualises, or understands takes place on this level of activity. The pre-conscious is where information is stored away, but is easily obtainable. The unconscious is where memories and information are stored which cannot be accessed readily.† Donadio (2001) Freud tells us that there are three different forces that control our actions and desires; the id, the ego and the superego. â€Å"The id is the drive within us to bring ourselves pleasure. The id is concerned with satiating all basic urges from thirst and hunger to sexual desire, and is determined to attain satisfaction at any cost. People act on the id alone when they are first born, and as time progresses, they learn to suppress these desires in the interest of conventiallity; they realize that a person cannot merely have whatever he/she wants whenever he/she wants it, and that the individual must act in accordance with society. The ego is what brings about one’s understanding that one is part of a society, and cannot always satisfy the urges of the id. The ego does not necessarily ignore the id, but rather governs and controls it. It often devises a plan to obtain that which the id desires. The ego is often seen as being responsible for practical and rational decision making. The superego governs over all of these, and is often seen as the conscious. The superego is concerned with the long-term ramifications of actions, adherence to what is â€Å"right and wrong†, and producing guilt as a result of one’s actions. The superego is often more a product of society than the individual, as society dictates what is acceptable and unacceptable behavior; it often tends to direct the individual to act in a way which is viewed as positive by society, even if at the expense of personal satisfaction. † Donadio (2001) The id’s desires for sex and survival are the basis for all human activity. The need for pleasure and release of tension that originates in the id is translated by the ego into more socially acceptable types of behavior, pleasurable leisure pursuits. â€Å"All behavior is in the service of tension reduction.† Appigananesi Zarate (1979) p144 It is a basic human need to receive pleasure and release from tension, the most basic way to receive this pleasure and release tension is through sex. However, society, and therefore the superego, dictates that it is not acceptable to have sex continuously whenever we want with whomever we want. Our fear of not being accepted into society helps to translate these primary sexual urges into acceptable releases of tension and pleasurable activities such as sport, watching films, reading, drinking alcohol and going to clubs and pubs. Humans are very social creatures and receive pleasure from interaction with other humans. The majority of leisure pursuits involve some kind of socializing with other people. These social gatherings also provide the opportunity for interaction with members of the opposite sex. This is our basic sexual desire becoming apparent. In some social situations the desire to interact with the opposite sex is very apparent, for example socializing in pubs and clubs. When preparing for a night out members of both sexes will try to dress up to make themselves as attractive as possible. People can understand their desire for sex and put themselves in situations where their desires may come to fruition. However, even if one is aware of their sexual desires, in these situations it is still necessary for them to be made socially acceptable by the superego. Dancing is a good example of the expression of sexual desires in an acceptable way. In recent times dancing has become more sexual with more phys ical contact involved. This is due to modern changes in attitude when sex is becoming more socially acceptable although the taboo of sex seems to provide pleasure itself. The use of alcohol and drugs in these types of situations seem to help reduce the control the superego has over the id. People loose their inhibitions and become less concerned with being socially acceptable, the desires of the id are less suppressed and people’s desire for pleasure dominates their actions. It is not uncommon to see inebriated couples on a Saturday night engaging in various kinds of sexual activity in public areas, without the introduction of alcohol or drugs the superego would dominate and demand more acceptable behavior. It is easy to see why we enjoy intoxicating substances as it makes our desire for pleasure more easily obtainable. With many other leisure pursuits the desires of the id are less apparent and the individual will not really know the unconscious origin of their behavior. Many types of leisure activities provide pleasure by escapism, â€Å"The tendency to seek distraction and relief from reality.† Definition: The Concise Oxford Dictionary (2000) Many people obtain pleasure from watching films and reading books. Often these types of leisure pursuits allow us to experience suppressed sexual urges through fantasies in books or films. These types of experiences would not normally be experienced in everyday life but being able to experience them through films or books provides great pleasure, although the individual will not really know the unconscious reason for the pleasure that they receive. In some situations it is because of our desires for food and drink that we receive pleasure. We enjoy going to restaurants and having dinner parties. It is not just the opportunity to interact with others that provides us with pleasure, but also the enjoyment of eating is a direct consequence of our basic human urge of hunger. Sport, as a leisure pursuit, is socially acceptable. It has always been seen as a healthy pastime. It provides a release of tension due to its physical nature and also allows interaction with other individuals. However, sport tends to provide greater pleasure for males than females. It is basic human nature for the male to want to exhibit his strength and power. The enjoyment of sport by males is probably due to the fact that sport as a leisure pursuit has always been seen for males as socially acceptable. â€Å"In Coleman’s classic study of adolescent life (1961), being involved in sports was the most important factor contributing to the social status of high school boys.† Mannell Kleiber (1997) p240 It can be seen by examining the work of Freud that all leisure pursuits provide pleasure and the majority of activities that we involve ourselves in for pleasure are some form of manifestation of our basic human sexual urges. Although we may not realize that we are receiving some form of unconscious pleasure it is necessary for our survival. Humans need the release of tension and to receive pleasure but they also need to be accepted socially so the existence of the superego helps to satisfy all of these urges. How to cite What are the major kinds of unconscious pleasures that might be found in common leisure pursuits?, Papers

Why I Want to Be a Makeup Artist free essay sample

Everyone questions what you want to be when you grow up starting in elementary school and your answer normally ranges from princess to astronaut. As you grow and you’re in middle school your teachers ask you the same thing my answer was an architect, once you reach high school the question is a lot firmer and a lot more serious. I still don’t know exactly what I want to do for ever but I know what I want to do for now I’d like to be a makeup artist. The power of being able to change a persons appearance using makeup has been a personal passion of mine for as long as I can remember. We all have something in our lives that we get a little giggly over for some its shoes, clothes, sports or movies for me its makeup. A lot of people say makeup is a way of hiding yourself or that it changes a person for who they really are. We will write a custom essay sample on Why I Want to Be a Makeup Artist or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To me make up doesn’t hide the person you are it lets the confident person you want to be shine. If you feel beautiful you will carry yourself that way. Some may ask why I would choose to pursue a career in a field that’s not so demanding but honestly if you have the drive the right education and the skills you have nothing to worry about. But I have no interest in the money i would rather do something I love and make a normal amount of money then something I hate and make a lot of money. This is a career i would like to pursue because no matter what anyone tells you looks are important the way you carry yourself and your appearence will tell you a lot about a person. Sadly perfection is the goal for many in the world but I don’t think people need makeup to achieve this, makeup is something that allows people to feel better about themselves. Nothing makes me happier then to see a woman sit down in front of me with low to no self-esteem then I take a brush to her face and even the slightest bit of makeup can make her feel more beautiful, it’s a great feeling when you know you can make someone leave with a smile on their face and a pep in their step. Requirements for a career in this field are skill, familiarity, and education. Practice applying makeup on yourself and others so you can develop your technique. The best way to build a skillful hand at applying makeup is to practice on people with different colored skin, face shapes, eye colors, and different ages. This will help you develop skill so that you can work with a wide range of clientele. You have to learn with different types of makeup, brushes and looks. Read magazines, find fashion and makeup blogs, and pay attention to the different trends and styles of makeup. Learn the difference between day and night looks. Day for instance has lighter colors like pink tones and natural colors, makeup should be subtle, nothing more than mascara and a neutral shadow. Night time makeup needs to pop, darker colors. A dramatic lip or eye not both or you’ll overdo it, also the cat eye with red lips is always a classic look. Also education a lot of makeup counters like mercy’s and Dillard’s will hire without education from buaety school but in order to work in a salon or for a more known company you need to have graduated from beauty school. Not to mention the education will look a lot better in your favor when it comes to competing for the job. I feel as if I meet the some points of the requirements to pursue this career, but I need to learn more. I would like to go to beauty school and i would like to start out at a counter if I have to and then get experience for a salon and slowly but surely make my way up the chain. I hope my passion and the skills I already have will get me started greatly in this field. My passion lies in eyes. I love experimenting with different colors and lashes and liner. Shadow also comes down to the person you are for instance some colors that great with my skin tone are blues, gold’s and browns. Personally enjoy lashes on myself because I have smaller lashes than most. I also change my liner on a day by day bases I love to try different things on myself and others I follow many blogs and instagrams with people that do makeup and sell makeup i am also a frequent make up buyer it is kind of an addiction. Therefore i im looking forward to graduating from ITT Tech then moving on to pursue my career in make u artistry. I am prepared for the hard work and dedication. I plan to continue practicing the skill and learning more until I can further my career and education in the field.

Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Example

Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Example Night by Elie Wiesel Paper Night by Elie Wiesel Paper The story starts during the World War II around 1941 when the author was twelve years old. It starts at Sight, Transylvania (actual Romania). The ghettos: Two ghettos were created In Slight. A large one In the center of town occupied four streets, and another smaller one extended over several alleyways on the outskirts of town. The street we lived on, Serpent Street, was in the first ghetto. We therefore could remain in our house. But, as it occupied a corner, the windows acing the street outside the ghetto had to be sealed. We gave some of our rooms to relatives who had been driven out of their homes. The barbed wire that encircled us like a wall did not fill us with real fear. (Likelier) Parts that describe the concerning camps: First, Brinkmen Do you see the chimney over there? Do you see it? And the flames, do you see them? (Yes, we saw the flames. ) Over there, thats where they will take you. Over there will be your grave. (An inmate) There was no floor. A roof and four walls. Our feet sank into the mud. You are in a concentration camp. In Auschwitz Remember it always; let it be graven in your memories. You are in Auschwitz. And Auschwitz is not a convalescent home. It is a concentration camp. Here, you must work. If you dont, you will go straight to the chimney. To the crematorium. Work or crematorium the choice is yours. Gates opened and closed. We continued to march between the barbed wire. At every step, white signs with black skulls looked down on us. The incision: WARNING! DANGER OF DEATH. few more steps than we saw the barbed wire of another camp. This one had an Iron gate with This one had an Iron gate with the overhead Inscription: RAREBIT MACH FREE. Work makes you free. Some characters: Likelier: He was almost thirteen and deeply observant. By day studied Talmud and by night would run to the synagogue to weep over the destruction of the Temple. Quotes: One day I asked my father to find me a master who could guide me in my studies of Couldnt you wait few days, sir? I dont feel well, I have a five r l no longer accepted Gods silence. As I swallowed my ration of soup, I turned that act into a symbol of rebellion, of protest against Him. My fathers presence was the only thing that stopped me. He was running next to me, out of breath, out of strength, desperate. l shall not describe my life during that period. It no longer mattered. Since my fathers death, nothing mattered to me anymore. Shalom Wisest- Was Lispers father he was a cultured, at beginning he seems to be an unsentimental man. At time passes he shows a lot of feelings for his son. At Sight he was an honored member of his community, respected and admired by Likelier for his wisdom and strength, to someone who cowered and cried for water, and begged his son to protect and feed him. He died because of dysentery in January 28, 1945 in Buchwald. Parts that describe him: My father was a cultured man, rather unsentimental. He rarely displayed his feelings, not even within his family, and was more involved with the welfare of others than with that of his own kin. The Jewish community of Sight held him in highest esteem; his advice on public and even private matters was frequently sought. Shalom, I am getting weak. My strength is gone. I wont make it *HIS NAME IS ONLY MENTIONED ONCE. You are too young for that Moodiness tells us that one must be thirty before venturing intonate world of mysticism, a world fraught with peril. First you must study the basic subjects, those you are able to comprehend. There are no Sabbaticals in Sight, l am too old, my son, Too old to start a new life. Too old to start from scratch in some distant la n d The world? The world is not interested in us. Today, everything is possible, even the crematoria Dont let yourself be overcome by sleep, Likelier. Its dangerous to fall asleep in snow. One falls asleep forever. Come, my son, come Get up. Monish the Beadle He was the Jack-offal- trades in a Hashish house of prayer, a still. He was poor and lived in utter penury. Physically, he was as awkward as a clown. His wavelike shyness made people smile. He stayed out of peoples way. His presence bothered no one. He had mastered the art of rendering himself insignificant, invisible. I liked his wide, dreamy eyes, gazing off into the distance. (Likelier) He spoke little. He sang, or rather he chanted, and the few snatches. We spoke that way almost every evening, remaining in the synagogue long after all the faithful had gone, sitting in the semidarkness where only a few half- burnt candles provided a flickering light. And left for dead Even Monish the Beadle had fallen silent. He was weary of talking. He would drift through synagogue or through the streets, hunched over, eyes cast down, avoiding peoples gaze. L pray to the God within me for the strength to ask Him the real questions. There are a thousand and one gates allowing entry into the orchard of mystical truth. Every human being has his own gate. He must not err and wish to enter the orchard through a gate other than his own. That would present a danger not only for the one entering but also for those who are already inside. Jews, listen to me! Thats all I ask of you. No money. No pity. Just listen to me! You dont understand, I warned you, Lispers mother, Lisles sisters Hilled, Bea, and Disport Hilled, the eldest; then Bea and Disport was the youngest My parents ran a store. Hilled and Bea helped with the work. Disport had blond hair My mother was beginning to think it was high time to find an appropriate match for Hilled. Eight words spoken quietly, indifferently, without emotion. Eight simple, short words. Yet that was the moment when I left my mother ; In a fraction of a second I could see my mother, my sisters, move to the right. ; Tic-poor was holding Mothers hand. I didnt know that this was the moment in time and the place where I was leaving my mother and Disport forever. Mrs Chatters: She was in her fifties an d her ten-year-old son was with her, roughed in a corner. Her husband and two older sons had been deported with the first transport, by mistake. The separation had totally shattered her. A quiet, tense woman with piercing eyes, she had been a frequent guest in our house. Her husband was a pious man who spent most of his days and nights in the house of study. It was she who supported the family. She kept asking why she had been separated from her family. Later, her sobs and screams became hysterical. Fire! I see a fire! I see a fire! Look! Look at this fire! This terrible fire! Have mercy on me! Jews, listen to me, she cried. l see a fire! I see flames, huge flames! Young Pole- The man in charge was waiting. He was a young Pole, who was smiling at us. He began to talk to us and, despite our weariness, we listened attentively. Quote: Comrades, you are now in the concentration camp Auschwitz. Ahead of you lies a long road paved with suffering. Dont lose hope. You have already eluded the worst danger: the selection. Therefore, muster your strength and keep your faith. We out despair, you will move away from death. Hell does not last forever And now, here is a prayer, or rather a piece of advice: let there be camaraderie among you. We are all brothers and share the same fate. The same smoke hovers over all our heads. Help each other. That is the only way to survive. And now, enough said, you are tired. Listen: you are in Block 17; I am responsible for keeping order here. Anyone with a complaint may come to see me. That is all. Go to sleep Likelier said that Those were the first human words. Julies a Pole with eyeglasses and a cynical smile in a pale face. Suddenly I remembered. Julies! The boy from Warsaw who played the violin in the Bun orchestra Julies, is that you? I thought hed lost his mind. His violin? Here? He was playing a fragment of a Beethoven concerto. Nevermore had I heard such a beautiful sound. In such silence. How had he succeeded in disengaging himself? To slip out from under my body without my feeling it? Julies. How could I forget this concert given before an audience of the dead and dying? Even today, when I hear that particular piece by Beethoven, my eyes close and out of the darkness emerges the pale and melancholy face of my Polish comrade bidding farewell to an audience of dying men. When I awoke at daybreak, I saw Julies facing me, hunched over, dead. Next to him lay his Olin, trampled, an eerily poignant little corpse. We work in a warehouse of electrical materials, not far from here. The work is neither difficult nor dangerous. Only Ides, the Kapok, occasionally has fits of madness, and then youd better stay out of his way. We work in a warehouse of electrical materials, not far from here. The work is neither difficult nor tendency but for gold teeth. Theyre expecting trouble This ceremony, will it be over soon? Im h u n g r y All right, E I I ex e r All right Not too much a I r Tired. My feet are swollen. Its good to rest, but my v oil I n l m afraid Theyll break My viol in I I brought it with me. Frank- Frank, a former student in Warsaw. Frank, the foreman, one day noticed the gold crown in my mouth All of a sudden, this pleasant and intelligent young man had changed. His eyes were shining with greed. I told him that I needed to get my fathers advice. Quotes: Dont kill yourself. Theres no hurry. But watch out. Dont let an AS catch you. Let me have your crown, kid For what they give you to eat, k I d If you dont give me your crown, it will cost you much m ore! l knew it, I knew that I would win, kid. Better late than never. And because you made me wait, it will also cost you a ration of bread. A ration of bread for one of my pals, a famous dentist from Warsaw. To pay him for pulling out your crown. Yogis and Tibia- whose parents had been exterminated in Brinkmen. They lived for each other, body and soul. And so we would sometimes hum melodies evoking the gentle waters of the Jordan River and the majestic sanctity of Jerusalem. We also spoke often about Palestine. Their parents, like mine, had not had the courage to sell everything and emigrate while there was still time. We decided that if we were allowed to live until he Liberation, we would not stay another day in Europe. We would board the first ship to Haifa. I asked Yogis and Tibia: Did they write me down? Yogis an Tibias quotes: No, said Yogis. Anyway, they couldnt have. You were running too fast Ides Ides, the Kapok, occasionally has fits of madness, and then youd better stay out of his way. One day when Ides was venting his fury, I happened to cross his path. He threw himself on me like a wild beast, beating me in the chest, on my head, throwing me to the ground and picking me up again, crushing me with ever more violent blows, until I was covered in blood. Abruptly, he calmed down and sent me back to work as if nothing had happened. Ides was on edge, he had trouble restraining himself. Suddenly, he exploded. The victim this time was my father. Quotes: You old loafer! he started yelling. Is this what you call working? An ordinary inmate does not have the right to mix into other peoples affairs. One of you does not seem to have understood this point. I shall therefore try to make him understand clearly, once and for all. .. Lie down on it! On your belly! Listen to me, you son of a swine! said Ides coldly. So much for your curiosity. You shall receive five times more if you dare tell anyone what you saw! Understood? Kafka drummer Kafka Drummer had discovered a verse from the Bible which, translated into numbers, made it possible for him to predict Redemption in the weeks to come. KAFKA DRUMMER HAS LEFT us, a victim of the selection. Lately, he had been wandering among us, his eyes glazed, telling everyone how weak he was He Just kept repeating that it was all over for him, that he could no longer fight, he had no more strength, no more faith. His eyes would suddenly go blank, leaving two gaping wounds, two wells of terror. He was not alone in having lost his faith during those days of selection Poor Kafka Drummer, if only he could have kept his faith in God, if only he could have considered this suffering a divine test, he would not have been swept away by the selection. But as soon as he felt the first chinks in his faith, he lost all incentive to fight and opened the door to death. Then he left, in the direction of the hospital. His step was almost steady and he never looked back. An ambulance was waiting to take him to Brinkmen. Quotes l cant go on t save r Its over. God is no longer with us. In three days, Ill be gone Say Caddish for me. French Woman IN THE WAREHOUSE, I often worked next to a young Frenchman. We did not speak: she did not know German and I did not understand French. I thought she looked Jewish, though she passed for Aryan. She was a forced labor inmate. She was s miling her mournful smile as she slipped me a crust of bread. She looked straight into my eyes. I knew she wanted to talk to me but that she was paralyzed with fear. Perfect German. MANY YEARS LATER, in Paris, I sat in the Metro, reading my newspaper. Across the aisle, a beautiful woman with dark hair and dreamy eyes. I had seen those eyes before. Quotes Bite your lips, little brother Dont cry. Keep your anger, your hate, for another day, for later. The day will come but not now Wait. Clench your teeth and w a I t Ides, the Aka p o T h e young Jewish b o y Y o u r sweet words l know what it is: Am IS ewe I s h? Yes, I am. From an observant family. During the Occupation, I had false papers and passed as Aryan. And that was how I was assigned to a forced labor unit. When they deported me to Germany, I eluded being sent to a concentration camp. At the depot, nobody knew that I spoke German; it would have aroused suspicion. It was imprudent of me to say those few words to you, but I knew that you would not betray me Meir Katz IN OUR WAGON, there was a friend of my fathers, Meir Katz. He had worked as a gardener in Bun and from time to time had brought us some green vegetables. Less undernourished than theres of us, detention had been easier on him. Because he was stronger than most of us, he had been put in charge of our wagon. My father took his arm. And Meir Katz, the strong one, the sturdiest of us all, began to cry. His son had been taken from him during the first selection but only now was he crying for him. Only now did he fall apart. He could not go on. He had reached the end. The guards came to unload us. The dead were left in the wagons. Only those who could stand could leave. Meir Katz remained on the train. Quotes Shalom, I am getting weak. My strength is gone. I wont make I t ; l cant go on, Shalom I cant help I t I cant go on Why dont they Just shoot us now? Azalea: A young boy from Poland was marching beside me. He had worked in the electrical material depot in Bun. People mocked him because he was forever praying or meditating on some Talmudic question. For him, it was an escape from laity, from feeling the b I sows All of a sudden, he had terrible stomach cramps. He couldnt go on. He had to stop a moment. I begged him: Wait a little, Azalea. Soon, we will all come to a halt. We cannot run like this to the endow the world. // But, while running, he began to undo his buttons and yelled to me ; // He lowered his pants and fell to the ground. That is the image I have of him. I dont believe that he was finished off by an AS, for nobody had noticed. He must have died, trampled under the feet of the thousands of men who followed us. Quotes: My stomach aches, he whispered to me. L cant go on. My stomach is bursting Rabbi Alleluia: had headed a small congregation in Poland. A very kind man, beloved by everyone in the camp, even by the Kapok and the Blackstone. Despite the ordeals and deprivations, his face continued to radiate his innocence. He was the only rabbi whom nobody ever failed to address as Rabbi in Bun. He looked like one of those prophets of old, always in the midst of his people when they needed to be consoled. And, strangely, his words never provoked anyone. They did bring peace. He had lost his son in the commotion. He had searched for him among the dying, to no avail. Then he had dug through the snow to find his body. For three years, they had stayed close to one another. Side by side, they had endured the suffering, the blows; camp to camp, from selection to selection. And nowwhen the end seemed near fate had separated them. Quotes Perhaps someone here has seen my son? It happened on the road. We lost sight of one another during the Journey. I fell behind a little, at the rear of the column. I didnt have the strength to run anymore. And my son didnt notice. Thats all I know. Where has he disappeared? Where can I find him? Perhaps youve seen him somewhere? Had forgotten and so had not mentioned it to Rabbi Alleluia! But then I remembered something else: his son had seen him losing ground, sliding back to the rear of the column. He had seen him. And he had continued to run in front, letting the distance between them become greater. Hungarian Jew- Next to me lay a Hungarian Jew suffering from dysentery. He was skin and bones, his eyes were dead. I could Just hear his voice, the only indication that he was alive. Where did he get the strength to speak? But then perhaps my faceless neighbor, afraid of being among the first displaced, simply wanted to get rid f me, to free my bed, to give himself a chance to survive Rephrase he only wanted to frighten me. But then again, what if he was telling the truth? I decided to wait and see. Dont be deluded. Hitler has made it clear that he will annihilate all Jews before the clock strikes twelve. Quotes: Dont rejoice too soon, son. Here too there is selection. In fact, more often than outside. Germany has no need of sick Jews. Germany has no need of me. When the next transport arrives, youll have a new neighbor. Therefore, listen to me: leave the infirmary before the next selection! Dont be deluded. Hitler has made it clear that he will annihilate all Jews before the clock strikes twelve. l have more faith in Hitler than in anyone else. He alone has kept his promises, all his promises, to the Jewish people. Jewish Doctor I went to the infirmary. The doctor, a great Jewish doctor, a prisoner like ourselves THE DOCTOR CAME TO TELL ME that he would operate the next day. Every one of his words was healing and every glance of his carried a message of hope. It will hurt a little, he said, but it will pass. Be brave. Quotes: We have to operate! If we wait, the toes and perhaps the leg will have to be amputated. Dont be afraid, he said. Everything will be all right. Everything went well. You have spunk, my boy. Next, youll stay here two weeks for some proper rest and that will be it. Youll eat well, youll relax your body and your n e r v e s Then listen well: in two weeks youll be fully recovered. Youll be able to walk like the others. The sole of your foot was full of pus. I Just had to open the sac. Your leg was not amputated. Youll see, in two weeks, youll be walking around like everybody else. Prepared by: Sharon Denis University of Puerco Rich Intermediate English 2 -Course Proof. Pagan

Salaries and Benefits of US Congress Members

Salaries and Benefits of US Congress Members The salary and benefits paid to the Senators and Representatives of the U.S. Congress is a constant source of public fascination, debate- and most of all- fake news.   For example, one massively-sent email states, â€Å"Many citizens had no idea that members of Congress could retire with the same pay after only one term.† Well, maybe many citizens do not have that idea, because it is just flat wrong. Another infamous email demanding passage of a mythical â€Å"Congressional Reform Act† claims members of Congress do not pay Social Security taxes. That, too, is wrong Salaries and benefits of members of the U.S. Congress have been the source of taxpayer unhappiness and myths over the years. Here are some facts for your consideration. As of 2019, the base salary for all rank-and-file members of the U.S. House and Senate was $174,000 per year, plus benefits. Salaries have not been increased since 2009. Compared to private-sector salaries, the salaries of members of Congress is lower than many mid-level executives and managers. Rank-and-File Members: The current salary (2019) for rank-and-file members of the House and Senate is $174,000 per year. Members are free to turn down pay increase and some choose to do so.In a complex system of calculations, administered by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, congressional pay rates also affect the salaries of federal judges and other senior government executives. Congress: Leadership Members Salary  (2019) Leaders of the House and Senate are paid a higher salary than rank-and-file members. Senate Leadership Majority Party Leader - $193,400Minority Party Leader - $193,400 House Leadership Speaker of the House - $223,500Majority Leader - $193,400Minority Leader - $193,400 Pay Increases   Members of Congress are eligible to receive the same annual cost-of-living increase given to other federal employees if any. The raise takes effect automatically on January 1 of each year unless Congress, through the passage of a joint resolution, votes to decline it, as Congress has done since 2009. Benefits Paid to Members of Congress You may have read that Members of Congress do not pay into Social Security. Well, thats also a myth. Social Security Prior to 1984, neither Members of Congress nor any other federal civil service employee paid Social Security taxes. Of course, they were also not eligible to receive Social Security benefits. Members of Congress and other federal employees were instead covered by a separate pension plan called the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS). The 1983 amendments to the Social Security Act required federal employees first hired after 1983 to participate in Social Security. These amendments also required all Members of Congress to participate in Social Security as of January 1, 1984, regardless of when they first entered Congress. Because the CSRS was not designed to coordinate with Social Security, Congress directed the development of a new retirement plan for federal workers. The result was the Federal Employees Retirement System Act of 1986. Members of Congress receive retirement and health benefits under the same plans available to other federal employees. They become vested after five years of full participation. Health Insurance Since all provisions of the Affordable Care Act or â€Å"Obamacare† took effect in 2014, members of Congress have been required to purchase health insurance plans offered through one of the Affordable Care Act-approved exchanges in order to receive a government contribution toward their health coverage. Prior to the passage of the Affordable Care Act, insurance for members of Congress was provided through the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHB); the government’s employer-subsidized private insurance system. However, not even under the FEHB plan was the insurance â€Å"free.† On average, the government pays from 72% to 75% of the premiums for its workers. Like all other federal retirees, former members of Congress paid the same share of premiums as other federal employees. Retirement   Members elected since 1984 are covered by the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS). Those elected prior to 1984 were covered by the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS). In 1984 all members were given the option of remaining with CSRS or switching to FERS. As it is for all other federal employees, congressional retirement is funded through taxes and the participants contributions. Members of Congress under FERS contribute 1.3 percent of their salary into the FERS retirement plan and pay 6.2 percent of their salary in Social Security taxes. Members of Congress become eligible to receive a pension at the age of 62 if they have completed a total of 5 years of service. Members who have completed a total of 20 years of service are eligible for a pension at age 50, are at any age after completing a total of 25 years of service. No matter their age when they retire, the amount of the members’ pension is based on their total years of service and the average of their highest three years of salary. By law, the starting amount of a Member’s retirement annuity may not exceed 80% of his or her final salary. Can They Really Retire After Only One Term? Those mass emails also claim that members of Congress can get a pension equal to their full salaries after serving only one term. That one is partly true but mostly false. Under the current law, which requires at least 5 years of service, members of the House of Representatives would not be eligible to collect pensions of any amount after serving only one term, since they come up for reelection every two years. On the other hand, U.S, Senators - who serve six-year terms - would be eligible to collect pensions after completing only one full term. In neither case, however, would the pensions be equal to the member’s full salary. While it is highly unlikely and has never happened, it is possible for a longtime member of Congress whose pension began at or near 80% of his or her final salary could - after many years of accepted annual cost-of-living adjustments - see his or her pension rise to equal his or her final salary. Average Annual Pensions According to the Congressional Research Service, there were 611 retired members of Congress receiving federal pensions based fully or in part on their congressional service as of October 1, 2016. Of this number, 335 had retired under CSRS and were receiving an average annual pension of $74,028. A total of 276 Members had retired with service under FERS and were receiving an average annual pension of $41,076 in 2016. Allowances Members of Congress are also provided with an annual allowance intended to defray expenses related carrying out their congressional duties, including official office expenses, including staff, mail, travel between a Members district or state and Washington, DC, and other goods and services. Outside Income Many members of Congress retain their private careers and other business interests while they serve. Members are allowed to retain an amount of permissible outside earned income limited to no more than 15% of the annual rate of basic pay for level II of the Executive Schedule for federal employees, or $28,400.00 a year in 2018. However, there is currently no limit on the amount of non-salary income members can retain from their investments, corporate dividends or profits. House and Senate rules define what sources of outside earned income are permissible. For example, House Rule XXV (112th Congress) limits permissible outside income to salaries, fees, and other amounts received or to be received as compensation for personal services actually rendered. Members are not allowed to retain compensation arising from fiduciary relationships, except for medical practices. Members are also barred from accepting honoraria - payments for professional services typically provided without charge. Perhaps most importantly to voters and taxpayers, member of Congress are strictly prohibited from earning or accepting income that may appear to be intended to influence the way they vote on legislation. Tax Deductions Members are allowed to deduct up to $3,000 a year from their federal income tax for living expenses while they are away from their home states or congressional districts. Early History of Congress Pay How and how much members of Congress should be paid has always been a debated issue. America’s Founding Fathers believed that since congressmen would typically be well-off anyway, they should serve for free, out of a sense of duty. Under the Articles of Confederation, if U.S. congressmen were paid at all, they were paid by the states they represented. The state legislatures adjusted their congressmen’s pay and could even suspend it completely if they became dissatisfied with them. By the time the first U.S. Congress under the Constitution convened in 1789, members of both the House and Senate were paid $6 for each day there were actually in session, which was then rarely more than five months a year. The $6 per-day rate remained the same until the Compensation Act of 1816 raised it to a flat $1,500 a year. However, faced with public outrage, Congress repealed the law in 1817. Not until 1855 did members of Congress return to being paid an annual salary, then $3,000 per year with no benefits. Sources and Further Reference Brudnick, Ida A. â€Å"Congressional Salaries and Allowances: In Brief.† Congressional Research Service (April 11, 2018).Feran, Tom. â€Å"Can members of Congress retire with full pay after just one term?† Politifact Ohio (January 11, 2013)

Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Egypt - Essay Example Its neighboring countries include Libya in the West, Israel and Gaza Strip in the East, and Sudan in the South. Egypt covers a total area of 1,001,449 km2 and is double the size of France in terms of area (â€Å"Geography of Egypt†, n.pag.). Egypt possesses a long coastline around the Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Suez, Red Sea, and Gulf of Aqaba (â€Å"Geography of Egypt†, n.pag.). The country has twenty six provinces, also known as governorates, among which the most prominent ones include the city provinces of Alexandria, Cairo, Port Said, and Suez. Furthermore there are several other governorates in the Upper Region and Lower Region of Egypt. Egypt essentially ahs a large area covered by deserts. Due to the arid and desert-like climate, a very small percentage of the total area of the land is fit for agriculture thus only a small fraction of land is cultivable. Due to the naturally unique location of the Suez Canal which provides a very short route to the East, Egypt benefits from the short trade link it provides thereby incurring lower transportation costs. The main physical regions of Egypt are divided into four parts consisting of the Nile Valley and Delta, the Libyan Desert, the Eastern Desert, and the Sinai Peninsula (Fig. 2). River Nile is the longest river of the world and its Valley and Delta are perhaps the most important regions to the country surrounded by areas of arable land. River Nile is an important source for fish and the area surrounding the river provides sustenance for majority of the Egyptian population. Nile Valley occupies a region which is known as the Upper Egypt whereas the Nile Delta occupies a place which comes under Lower Egypt. These two regions are of significant importance for Egypt as they make the surrounding area fit for agriculture and farming. Fig. 1. Physical Map of Egypt. [Map] n.d. Free World Maps. Web. 11 Dec 2013. Without the presence of River Nile, the vast area of land in Egypt would have been dominated by the Sahara Desert. The Nile Valley and Nile Delta have been a result of the flow of River Nile in the region. River Nile has three man sources which originate from the Central African sources: White Nile, Blue Nile, and Atbara. White Nile, which emerges from Uganda, contributes about twenty eight percent of River Nile’s water. Blue Nile originates from Ethiopia and contributes the largest amount to River Nile’s waters which accounts for about fifty eight percent. And the Atbara River starts in Ethiopia and supplies about fourteen percent of River Nile’s waters. Thus, River Nile receives water from all these sources which contribute a significant percent of the water during high seasons. The high volume of water in River Nile deposit silt and other minerals as Nile spreads out into a delta. Today, River Nile only has two branches called Damietta and Rosetta. A number of irrigation canals connect from these branches so as to provide water for the irrigation and farming of arable lands. Thus the silt deposited by the river and the water provided is imp ortant for farming and agriculture in the area as it supports almost the entire population of Egypt. The Art Art, music, and culture evolved greatly in Egypt particularly after the fall of the former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Egypt has also been a central place for the recording of Arabic music and Egyptian music derives greatly from Arabic music. In particular, the music reflects Arabic and Islamic influences. There are various genres of Egyptian music and they are

Persuasive for school uniforms Speech or Presentation

Persuasive for school uniforms - Speech or Presentation Example Students benefit by reducing the number of concerns they must deal with during school hours, freeing their minds to focus more on the academic issues they should be concerned with while attending classes. There is a long history of the use of uniforms in school, most coming from the private sector until recent years, all of which demonstrate these benefits do exist. While most of the uniform policies used in public schools include relatively general restrictions, such as navy or khaki pants and solid color shirts with collars without brand name requirements or specific, school-related insignia required, there has still been a great opposition to these policies by people who mistakenly insist that school uniform policies somehow restrict a child’s ability to express him or herself. By including students in a recognized group as a member of a particular student body, uniforms are successful in building a sense of community and cooperation among children who might not otherwise w ork together. At the same time, regulations requiring specific items of clothing such as a ‘red or white solid colored shirt with collar’ serve to ensure that there are a large number of people in the market for these items, driving the price down as they become produced in mass quantities. Children who outgrow their uniforms are also able to donate them to children who can’t afford them demonstrating that the use of uniforms is cost effective. ... it must be remembered that there are a number of jobs in the ‘real’ world that also require a standardized uniform, sometimes much more rigidly defined than the school systems. â€Å"Police officers, firemen, airline employees, nurses, doctors, lawyers and all branches of the military have some form of required dress. Most of our blue collar workers are also required to wear a uniform in the performing of their jobs †¦ It makes them a part of a team that performs a certain job in a certain manner and provides for a more cohesive work environment† (Messer, 2008: 2). In the same way this process works for adults, making them a part of a team and encouraging a work environment attitude and approach, requiring uniforms in school also works for students, encouraging them to shift their thinking during school hours to school matters, in keeping with the seriousness of their clothing and that of their peers. Requiring students in public school to wear uniforms is al so a tremendous support for the school system. One of the immediate benefits is that a required student dress code makes any individual not in uniform instantly identifiable by staff, making it much easier for teachers and administrators to identify non-students/staff on campus and confine them until their purpose is clear. In addition, uniforms enable the school to restrict clothing with potential to conceal weapons, an increasing issue in today’s school systems nationwide. â€Å"Like other urban school uniform policies, Long Beach’s was intended to curb gang problems, and school officials not only credit it with having accomplished that goal, but also say uniforms have brought about a substantial drop in school crime, a drop in school suspensions and disciplinary problems and improved student attendance

Computer Networks And Wireless Transmissions

Computer Networks And Wireless Transmissions In telecommunications, wireless communication may be used to transfer information over short distances or long distance. The term is often shortened to wireless. it encompasses various types of fixed , mobile, cellular telephones etc. now -a days people who need to be online all the time. For these mobile users, twisted pair, coax, and fiber optics are of no use. They need to get their hits of data for their laptop, notebooks, shirt pocket or wrist watch computers without being tethered to the terrestrial communication infrastructure. For these users, wireless communication is the answer. THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Wireless transmission can provide special services and conveniences to people, such as connection to the internet or other networks without connecting to wire directly. It can also facilitate the creation of networks in special situations, such as terrain that is unfriendly to ground cables. Wireless communication began, in fact, in the Hawaiian island precisely the problem of terrain separated by large stretched of ocean. Political organizations determine which sections of the spectrum of light are all to which wireless transmission purpose. Because the existing organizations are always in agreement with current practice or with each other, some products manufactured for one country may not work in another. RADIO TRANSMISSION Radio waves are easy to generate and are omnidirectional, but have low transmission rates. Also, depending on their frequency, radio waves either cannot travel very far, or are absorbed by the earth. In some cases, though, high frequency waves are reflected back to earth by the ionosphere. Ionosphere is a layer of the atmosphere. MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION Microwave transmission is popular for its ability to travel in straight lines. A source can be directly focused on its destination without interfering with neighboring transmissions. Because they travel in straight lines, though, the curvature of the earth can interfere with the microwave transmitters. The solution to this is the addition of repeaters in between the source and destination to redirect the data path. Microwaves are used for long distance communication like cellular phones, garage door openers and so on.. INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES Infrared light is used for close- range communication, such as remote controls, because if does not pass through objects well. This is also a plus because infrared communications in one room de not interfere with the infrared communications in another room. Infrared communication is more secure than other option, such as radio, but it cannot be used outside due to interference by the sun. LIGHTWAVE TRANSMISSION Lasers can be used for wireless communication. It is a relatively low cost way to connect two buildings LAN, but it has drawbacks. The laser is difficult to target on the destinations receiver because the beam is so small. Laser light also diffuses easily in poor atmospheric conditions like rain, fog and so on. TERMS OF WIRELESS TRANSMISSION The theoretical basis for data communication Transmission media Wireless transmission The telephone system Narrowband ISDN Broadband ISDN and ATM THE THEORETICAL BASIS FOR DATA COMMUNICATION Harmonics An infinite series, such as a Fourier series, is just the addition of an infinite number of terms. Each term is called a harmonic. Baud Signals are used to send data over a write. If we want to indicate a data change, there is a corresponding signal change on the wire. The maximum possible number of signal changes per second is called the baud. Fourier Series A periodic function is one that repeats itself over time. Sine and cosine are periodic functions. Fourier proved that any reasonably behaved periodic function could be written as a sum of sine and cosine functions. This is important because sine and cosine are easily represented and recreated. The Fourier series allows periodic signals to be sent over a wire. Voice-Grade Line A voice-grade line has certain restrictions that limits the maximum number of signal changes per second. Signal-To-Noise Ratio Decibels A way to measure to measure the thermal noise that is present on a wire. TRANSMISSION MEDIA Here more than ten terms are there so I am going to explain five terms: Magnetic Media Material on which to store data. It is used in diskettes and magnetic tape. Magnetic media is a common way to transport data quickly. Twisted Pair The oldest and still most common transmission medium. Two insulated copper wires. Twisting the wires reduces electrical interferences from nearby wires. It also counters the antenna effect caused by parallel wires. Head-End In a dual cable system, there are two cables which only transmit data in one direction each. At one end of the network, data is collection from one line for re-transmission on the line going the opposite direction. The end of the network responsible for the data collection and retransmission is called the head-end. Subsplit When two cables are not used, but there is need for simulation of dual cable system, bandwidth on a single cable can be split up, with one portion representing one cable, and the other portion representing the second cable. Splitting the frequencies so that the lower frequencies are used for one purpose and the higher for another is called a subsplit system. Mode Characteristic of a light wave associated with the reflection of the wave through the silica fiber. WIRELESS TRANSMISSION Frequency (F) Light and electricity travel in the form of waves. Waves are periodic in that they repeat themselves, so the frequency of a wave is just the number of times the wave repeats itself in one second. Hertz (Hz) The unit of measure of frequency. The name comes from the german physicist who first produced electromagnetic waves. Wavelength (Lambda) Wavelength is the measure of the length of a wave that is it is used ti find the distance between two consecutive maxima or minima. Speed Of Light (C) The speed that electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum approximately 3*108 m/sec. electromagnetic waves do not travel as fast through a medium as they do through a vacuum. Spread Spectrum A pattern for EM transmission which is popular in the military for its ability to avoid jamming. The transmitter hops from frequency to frequency across a wide frequency band. THE TELEPHONE SYSTEM In this there are more than ten terms so here I am going to explain six terms Public Switched Telephone Network The currently existing network used for telephone communication. It was designed specifically for voice, and is not well suited for use by computers for transmitting data to one another. End Office The place to which your telephones lines connect to receive the telephone service. The distance from the telephone to the end office is usually small around 1 to 10km). Toll Offices Switching centers that connect several end offices. Tandem Offices Similar to the toll office, except it connects the end offices that are within the same local area. Toll Connecting Trunks The hardware which connects the end office to the toll of offices. NARROWBAND ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network Fully digital, circuit switched telephone system that is designed to accommodate both voice and data services. Digital Bit Pipe A bi-directional logical pipe which will pass bits on from source to destination without concern about whether they are voice. NT1 Device placed between the user and the nearest end office allows ISDN connection. Plain Old Telephone Exchange or NT2 Device placed between the end user which can provide a variety of ISDN services. Narrowband ISDN ISDN services on 64-kbps channels. BROADBAND ISDN AND ATM Broadband ISDN It is more recent design for a digital network on which data can travel rates of 155Mbps. It is based on ATM technology. Permanent Virtual Circuits Virtual circuits that remains in place for extended periods of time. Switched Virtual Circuits Virtual circuits that remains in place for short periods of time, typically related to the session time. Head-Of-Line Blocking If a questionable cell tries to come into ATM switch, it will be stalled, effectively stalling the cells behind it unfairly. This is called head-of -line blocking. Knockout Switch To solve the head-of-line blocking problem, queuing on the output side has been proposed. The knockout switch does just this, by stimulating a single output queue by having several output queues that are activated on a round- robin type basis. FORMULAE THE THEORETICAL BASIS FOR DATA COMMUNICATION Baud Rate The baud rate is NOT the same as the data rate. Baud tells how many signals are sent per second, but there are ways of encoding more than one bit per signal change. AVOID getting this confused. Baud= number of signal changes/second Maximum Data Rate Of A Channel (Nyquists Theorem) Max data rate=2 Hlog2 V H=bandwidth in HZ V=discrete levels This formula shows the maximum number of bits that can be sent per second on a data line with a bandwidth of H, is V bits are sent per signal. The max data rate should be in bits per second. Signal-To-Noise Ratio 10log10(S/N) S=signal power N=noise power This formula is used to quantify the quality of a line. It is not usually presented as a ratio, but instead it is given in the units decibels. Maximum Number of Bits Per Second (Shannons Result) Max number of bits per second=H log2 (1+(S/N)) This formula shows the maximum achievable data rate on a noisy line. The difference between shannons result and Nyquists theorem is that Shannons result takes the noise on a line into consideration. The noise can drastically reduce a lines capacity to send data. It is measured in bits per second. TRANSMISSION MEDIA Attenuation 10 log10 (transmitted power/ received power) Attenuation is a way to measure the amount of power lost in a signals strength from when it was sent to when it was received. Attenuation is measured in decibels. WIRELESS TRANSMISSION This formula is used to find the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and the speed of light. Lambda f=c Lambda=wavelength F=frequency C=speed of light THE TELEPHONE SYSTEM This formula is used to fine the bits per second. Bits per second= number of bits per signal change*baud. BIBILIOGRPHY Google.com Wikipedia.com

What reading you enjoy the most

Question 3 what reading have you enjoyed most in the past year and why? The reading I have enjoyed the most In the past year Is To kill a mocking bird' by Harper Lee The Storrs main theme is about racial discrimination and gender Inequality. It used a child's point of view to tell the story so I can throw myself Into the main character Scout. Thanks to her naivety, the injustice and the hypocrisy of Maycomb folks are enhanced. The most excltlng part of the story Is the tight In the court. Scout's father is a lawyer and he is trying to fight for a black man.Although I expect there will be a courageous character to stand up and correct the bias but it comes out as a bad ending, which prejudice Is Imposed. However I can still sense that the author is trying to tell us what is wrong and what is right If I have to use a word to describe the story, the word would probably be: Amazing. My emotion flows with the story, and every detail is mentioned clearly, Harper's writing is really coheren t as well. I was reminded that â€Å"Your never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view†¦ til you climb inside of skin and walk around in It. † This is an absolute delight reading and I highly recommend others to read. The reading I have enjoyed the most In the past year Is ‘To kill a mocking bird' by Harper Lee. The storys main theme is about racial discrimination and gender inequality. It used a child's point of view to tell the story so I can throw myselt into the Maycomb folks are enhanced. The most exciting part of the story is the fight in the court. Scouts father is a lawyer and he Is trying to fight for d black man.Although I comes out as a bad ending, which prejudice Is Imposed. However I can sull sense that the author is trying to tell us what is wrong and what is right. If I have to use a word to describe the story, the word would probably be: Amazing. My emotion tlovw with the story, and every detail is mentioned clea rly, Harpers writing is really you consider things from his point of view†¦ untll you climb Inside of skin and walk around in it. † This is an absolute delight reading and I highly recommend others to read.The reading I have enjoyed the most In the pastyear Is ‘To kill a mocking bird' by Harper Lee. The storys main theme is about racial discrimination and gender inequality. It used a child's point otviewto tell the story so I can throw myselt into the court. Scouts father is d lawyer and he Is trying to fight for d black man. Although I 1 Of3 coherent as well. I was reminded that mfour never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view†¦ Until you climb inside of skin and walk read.The reading I have enjoyed the most in the past year is ‘To kill a mocking bird' inequality. It used a child's point of view to tell the story so I can throw myself into the court. Scout's father is a lawyer and he is trying to fght for a black ma n. Although I comes out as a bad ending, which prejudice is imposed. However I can still sense by Harper Lee. The story's main theme is about racial discrimination and gender Maycomb folks are enhanced. The most exciting part of the story is the fght in the coherent as well. I was reminded that miour never really understand a person until

The Effects Of Global Warming On Our Economy - 1090 Words

Global warming is â€Å"The increase in Earth’s average surface temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases† (NASA). This issue is not a myth anymore, is affecting our economy, health and our future aggressively. The need to reduce pollutant emissions is now something urgent and an important commitment for all the nations. Natural disasters, virus and diseases are consequences of changes of temperature, the emissions of carbon gases weaken the ozone layer, water and food pollution. According to the World Health Organization, environmental pollution produces more than seven million of deaths every year. The global warming has been causing damage in this country, the last year (2014) has been considered the hottest year in United†¦show more content†¦Other argument for withdraw, was that the implementation of the treaty was inefficient and unfair involving just the developed countries and excluding from restrictions some of the biggest emitters of gases like China and India, because they are considered developing countries. Before the Federal Government began to focus in this problem, the private sector was trying to create programs for the reduction of pollution, but without the political and financial support of the government, all these efforts were insufficient. There are some federal laws to protect our environment and health. The Clean Water Act which prohibits sending pollutants into waters by requiring specific sites that discharge materials. The Clean Air Act has been improving the air quality since 1960. Some of the most recent energy legislation include the Energy Policy Act (2005), the Energy Independence and Security Act (2007), and the Energy Improvement and Extension Act (2008). With the Energy Policy Act, the tax incentives have been reduce the costs of develop and adoption of new technologies (Matzner). Today, as a new political commitment to save the planet, the president Barack Obama has created The Clean Power Plan, its principal objective is a thirty percent reduction of carbon pollution from the power sector by 2030. Coal plants are the largest generators of gases and the principal

American Criminal Justice System Change - 990 Words

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